Who Is The Father Of Green Revolution In India And World – Green Revolution started in India in the year 1968, the leader of Indian Green Revolution and agricultural scientist started these crops in the 1960s to end famine in the country. So let’s know Who Is The Father Of Green Revolution In World And India –
Who Is The Father Of Green Revolution In India And World
The father of Green Revolution in the world is Norman Borlaug, and the father of Green Revolution in India is M.S. Swaminathan.
Green Revolution started in India between 1966-67. The entire credit of this Green Revolution is dedicated to Nobel Prize winner Professor Norman Borlaug, but in India, the father of Green Revolution is said to be M.S. Swaminathan. Babu Jagjivan Ram, the Agriculture and Food Minister of India, is known as the Green Revolution. He successfully conducted the Green Revolution on the recommendations of the MS Swaminathan Committee, which had satisfactory effects in the future.
Green Revolution Meaning (Meaning Of Green Revolution)
Green Revolution means increasing agricultural production by using hybrid and dwarf seeds to give higher yields in such irrigated and non-irrigated agricultural areas of the country. Green Revolution in India is the result of that developing method in agriculture, which was known as the replacement of traditional agriculture with more modern technology in the 1960s.
At that time, this technology came readily in the field of agriculture. This technology developed so rapidly that it gave such amazing results in the field of agriculture in a short time that the planners, agricultural experts and politicians of the country named this unexpected progress as ‘Green Revolution’. It was also called the Green Revolution because it resulted in raising Indian agriculture from subsistence level to surplus level.
The Green Revolution led to a great increase in the agricultural sector of India and due to qualitative improvement in agriculture, agricultural production in the country has increased. Self-sufficiency in food grains has been observed in the country, commercial agriculture has also progressed. There have been changes in the attitude of the people living in the area, and agricultural intensity has also increased.
As a result of the Green Revolution in the country, there has been a considerable increase in the per hectare and total productivity of crops like wheat, sugarcane, maize, and millet etc. The Green Revolution is seen as a follow-up to the technical and institutional changes in the achievements made in agriculture and the increase in production.
Background of Green Revolution in India
In the year 1943, India was suffering from the world’s worst recorded food crisis. The Bengal famine, due to which about 4 million people died due to hunger in eastern India.
Even after independence in 1947, until 1967, the government focused on expanding agricultural areas on a large scale. But the population was growing much faster than food production.
This called for immediate and drastic action to increase yields, and this action came in the form of the Green Revolution.
The Green Revolution in India refers to the period when Indian agriculture was transformed into an industrial system due to the introduction of modern methods and technology such as HYV seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, increased use of fertilizers and pesticides.
It was funded by the Indian government and the US and the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations.
The Green Revolution in India is largely the Wheat Revolution because wheat production increased more than 3 times between 1967-68 and 2003-04, while the overall increase in cereal production was only 2 times.
Positive Effects of Green Revolution
1) It resulted in grain production of 131 million tons in the year 1978-79 and established India as one of the largest agricultural producers in the world.
2) India became self-sufficient in food grains and had adequate stock in the central pool, even sometimes, India was in a position to export food grains. Per capita net availability of food grains has also increased.
3) The introduction of Green Revolution helped the farmer brothers to increase their income level. Farmers ploughed back their surplus income to improve agricultural productivity. Big farmers having more than 10 hectares of land were particularly benefited by this revolution by investing large amounts in various inputs such as HYV seeds, fertilizers, machinery etc. It also promoted capitalist farming.
4) The revolution brought large scale agricultural mechanization which created demand for various types of machines like tractors, harvesters, threshers, combines, diesel engines, electric motors, pumping sets, etc. Besides, the demand for chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, weedicides, etc. also increased substantially. Many agricultural products were also used as raw materials in various industries known as agro-based industries.
5) The demand for labour force increased significantly due to multi-cropping and use of fertilizers. The Green Revolution generated a lot of employment not only for agricultural workers but also for industrial workers by building related facilities like factories and hydroelectric power stations.